Tracheostomy is a surgical procedure involving the creation of an opening in the trachea, commonly known as the windpipe. This artificial opening, called a tracheostomy or stoma, allows direct access to the airway and is typically performed to assist with breathing, bypass upper airway obstructions, or facilitate long-term mechanical ventilation. Tracheostomies may be temporary or permanent, depending on the patient’s medical condition.
TRANCHEOSTOMY PROCEDURE
Patient Preparation:
The patient is positioned on the operating table, and vital signs are monitored.
Anesthesia is administered to induce unconsciousness and prevent pain during the procedure.
Incision:
A horizontal incision is made in the lower part of the neck, just above the sternal notch.
The muscles and tissues overlying the trachea are carefully dissected to expose the trachea.
Creation of Tracheostomy Opening:
A small incision is made in the front wall of the trachea.
A tracheostomy tube, consisting of an outer cannula and an inner cannula, is inserted through the opening.
Securing the Tracheostomy Tube:
The tracheostomy tube is secured in place with ties or a securing device to prevent accidental dislodgement.
Closure of Incision:
The incision in the neck is closed with sutures.
A dressing is applied over the tracheostomy site.
Postoperative Care:
The patient is monitored closely in the immediate postoperative period.
Ventilation and oxygenation are managed through the tracheostomy tube.